原油破乳技术进展

Progress of Raw Oil Demulsification Technique

随着三次采油与稠油开采的进行,原油所形成的乳化液越来越稳定。原油质量不断下降,破乳脱水工作越来越困难,迫切需要高效的脱水方法。文章阐述总结了物理破乳、化学破乳和生物破乳技术各自的破乳机理、技术特点及应用进展,同时介绍了一些新型破乳技术,如高频辐射破乳技术、水击谐波破乳法、CO_2破乳法等破乳方法的原理和应用前景。

As tertiary recovery and hevay oild are processed, emulsion formed in raw oil become increasingly stable, the high effective method of oil dehydration presents is pressing requirement due to the quality degradation of raw oil and the more difficulty of demulsification and dehydration. In this work, demulsifieation mechanism, technical properties and application development using the physical, chemical and biological method are stated. Also, the principle and practical potential of some new demulsification technologies, such as high frequency radiation demulsifieation technique, water hammer harmonic demulsification method and CO2 demulsifieation method are reviewed.