论托克维尔的民主正义思想

On Tocqueville's Thought Of Democratic Justice

托克维尔是近代系统研究现代民主的第一位政治哲人。他的"民主观"中最深刻的思想之一,是认为民主之所以深入人心,根源于民主自身的正义性质,而非通常认为的民主发展的历史必然性。民主的这种正义性具体表现在四个方面,即民主符合人性对平等价值的自然追求、民主使每个人身上都有一点尊严和高贵、民主为大多数人谋利、民主创造中等的好和善。这正是当代社会人们理直气壮地去坚持和发展民主的思想基础。

Tocqueville is the first political philosopher who systematical studies modern democracy at modern time. One of his most profound thoughts of democracy is that democracy won victory ultimately. The main reason is the just nature of democracy--self , not historical inevitability of the development of democracy that is usually considered so. Justice concretely shows four kinds of aspect, namely democracy that expresses humanity＇s nature of the pursuit to equality, democracy that makes everyone possessing dignity and nobility, democracy that seeks benefits for the majority of people, and democracy that creates average goods. Thus, the contemporary people can well insist and develop democracy.