“多半”的词汇化与语法化

The Lexicalization and Grammaticalization of“Duo Ban”(多半)

"多半"先由述宾短语词汇化为数词,后又进一步语法化为语气副词。由于处于主语这一句法位置、使用频率不断升高,大约在元代述宾短语"多半"由陈述转向指称,被重新分析为数词。在处于状语这一句法位置、较强的主观性、较高的使用频率等诸多因素的推动下,数词"多半"的语义逐渐泛化,由描述客观物理量扩展到表示说话人主观的推测,到明代语法化为表推测的语气副词。隐喻与重新分析是"多半"语法化的机制。

＂Duo Ban＂（多半） has two parts of speech which are numeral and adverb. ＂Duo Ban＂（多半） lexicalized to a numeral from predicate-object structure no later than Yuan dynasty, and then it grammaticalized to a modal adverb in Ming dynasty. The motivations of ＂Duo Ban＂（多半） becomes a numeral includes syntactic position and the use of high frequency. Besides, ＂Duo Ban＂（多半） becomes a modal adverb based on syntactic position, strong subjectivity and the use of high frequency. And metaphor and reanalysis are the mechanisms that ＂Duo Ban＂（多半） becomes a modal adverb.