扩大中等收入群体的体制创新

The System Innovation to Expand the Middle-Income Groups

我国是一个转型与发展中的大国,在人均GDP超过8000美元之后,中等收入群体比例偏低主要不在于经济发展水平低,而在于体制安排不合理。在进入工业化中后期之后,经济转型升级是推动中等收入群体扩大的重要基础。在这个特定背景下,中等收入群体比例偏低不仅与服务业市场开放程度低、中高收入就业岗位匮乏直接相关,还反映了人口城镇化发展滞后、农村改革滞后、收入分配制度改革滞后的突出矛盾。在经济新常态背景下扩大中等收入群体,需要把握经济转型升级的客观趋势,推进系统的体制创新,释放新的改革红利,形成包容性增长的制度安排。在这个前提下,我国可望在未来5-8年,使得中等收入群体再扩大一倍多,达到6-7亿的水平,由此跻身高收入国家行列,从而成功跨越中等收入陷阱。

As a transforming and developing big country, the low proportion of middle-income groups mainly lies not in the low eco- nomic development level, but in the unreasonable system arrangement after per capita GDP exceeds $ 8000. After approaching mid- and post-industrialization, economic transformation and upgrading is the important foundation of the expansion of the middle-income groups. Under this particular background, the low proportion of middle-income groups is caused not only by the low opening degree of services market and the lack of high income positions, but also by the prominent contradiction, such as the lagging population urbaniza- tion, the lagging reform in the countryside and the lagging reform of the income distribution system. Under the background of the new e- conomic normal, the expansion of middle-income groups needs to grasp the objective trend of the economic transformation and upgra- ding, to boost system innovation, to release new reform dividends, and to form a system arrangement of inclusive growth. Based on these, the population of the middle-income groups is expected to double and achieve the level of 6-700 million in the next 5 to 8 years. Then our country will rank among the high income countries, and successfully cross the middle-income trap.