腐植酸类肥料浸种及浇灌对燕麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响研究

Effects of Seed Soaking with Humic Acid Fertilizers and Irrigation on Seeds Germination and Seedling Growth of Oat

研究腐植酸类肥料浸种及浇灌对燕麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。以燕麦种子为材料,在室内采取标准发芽试验法和生境地土壤培养法,测定腐殖酸类肥料浸种和浇灌后种子萌发及幼苗生长指标。各腐植酸类肥料浸种对种子生活力无显著影响,腐植酸钾显著提高了种子出苗速度(P<0.05),加速了种子萌发,黄腐酸、腐植钠、腐植酸钠降低了出苗速率和活力指数。从幼苗的生长情况来看,腐植酸钾对幼苗生长量,苗高、根长和种子根的发生有积极的促进作用,虽黄腐酸、腐植酸钠、腐植钠对苗高根长有显著促长作用,但因抑制了种子根的发生,对幼苗的存活和抗逆不利。各腐植酸类肥料浇灌燕麦幼苗后,对幼苗鲜重、根数、根干重、根冠比有促进作用,同时增加了植株的成坨性。腐殖酸钾是燕麦种子播前浸种的最佳腐殖酸类肥料,各腐殖酸类肥料都适合燕麦幼苗田浇灌。

This study aims to investigate the effects of seed soaking with humic acid fertilizers and irrigation onseeds germination and seedlings growth of oat. The oat seeds were taken as study materials, and the standardgermination test method and habitat soil culture method were used in laboratory to measure a series ofindicators related to seed germination and seedling growth after the seeds were pre-soaked with humic acidfertilizers and the seedlings were irrigated. The results showed that there was no significant effect of humic acidfertilizers on the vitality of seed. However, potassium humate improved the speed of seedling emergesignificantly（P0.05）, it also improved the seed germination. Fulvic acid, sodium-rich humic acid fertilizerand sodium humate reduced the speed of seedling emerge and the vigor index of seed. The data on the seedlinggrowth suggested that potassium humate had positive promotion effect on the amount of seedling growth, thelength of stems and roots and the rate of rooting; fulvic acid, sodium-rich humic acid fertilizers and sodiumhumate all accelerated the growth of stem and root too, but they all inhibited the rate of seminal rooting, whichwas adverse to the survival and stress-resistance of seedling. The results also showed that all kinds of thehumic acid fertilizers tested in this study improved fresh weight of seedling, the amount of root, root-stem ratio,root-cap ratio and tillering ability of the seedling after irrigated at seedling stage. Potassium humate was thebest humic acid fertilizer for seed-soaking before sowing and all kinds of humic acid fertilizers tested could beused as irrigation fertilizer for oat seedling.