玉米自交系一年三代种植与选育技术研究

Planting and Breeding Technology of Maize Inbred Lines of Three Generations in One Year

为确立玉米自交系一年三代种植的新模式,采用了温室与大田试验等研究方法,对玉米自交系加代种植与选育技术进行了研究。研究结果表明:玉米自交系山东大棚春播、山东夏播、海南冬繁一年三代种植与选育模式可靠,可操作性强,在不同环境条件下选育自交系扩大了选育范围。利用该加代模式,山东春季大棚2月25日左右播种,5月1日左右授粉,6月12日左右收获,灌浆期42天以上,籽粒基本饱满;夏季6月15日左右播种,10月5日左右收获,及时暴晒考种;海南冬季11月8日左右播种,2月20日左右收获暴晒3天及时运回山东大棚春播,完成一年三代。利用该模式选育出的自交系性状表现可靠,生产上可以利用。

To establish a new model of maize inbred lines planting three generations in one year, researchmethods such as the greenhouse and field trials were utilized, generation adding planting and breeding werestudied. The results showed that： the three generations in one year planting and breeding model of maize inbredlines that planting in greenhouse of Shandong in spring, seeding in Shandong in summer and dreeding inHainan in winter was reliable and the maneuverability was strong, which expanded the scope of breedingthrough breeding of maize inbred line under different environmental conditions. Using this adding generationmodel, maize inbred lines were planted on around February 25 in the greenhouse of Shandong in spring,pollinated around May 1, and harvested around June 12, the filling stage was more than 42 days and thekernels were almost full; planted on around June 15 in summer and harvested around October 5, timely driedand tested; planted on around November 8 in Hainan in winter, harvested around February 20, dried for 3 daysand then the kernels were transported back to Shandong for planting in greenhouse, thus, three generations inone year was finished. The characters of maize inbred lines bred by this model were reliable and could be usedin production.