怒江地方花魔芋资源品质与产量增产效率分析

Quality and Yield Increasing Efficiency of Local Amorphophallus konjac Resources in Nujiang Region

为了开发利用云南省怒江州地方花魔芋资源,充分发挥丰富的林下土地优势,使怒江贫困山区农业提质增效,以云南较早规范化栽培的楚雄市和永胜县地方花魔芋资源为对照,对怒江地方花魔芋资源的内在品质及产量增产效率进行测定分析和试验观察。结果表明:怒江花魔芋的矿质元素、粗脂肪和蛋白质含量低于对照材料(楚雄花魔芋),但葡甘聚糖含量(11.30%)比对照材料高0.42个百分点。由于受干旱影响,怒江花魔芋试验材料的生育期为160.68天,产量增产效率为33.70%,比对照材料(永胜花魔芋)生育期长0.84天,产量增产效率高5.16个百分点。经核桃林下种植测产,怒江花魔芋产量20556.6 kg/hm^2,比永胜花魔芋产量高出3616.8 kg/hm^2。试验结果显示,怒江地方花魔芋是一种优良的魔芋资源,可以在怒江大面积开发应用,发展林下魔芋产业。

To develop and utilize local A. konjac resources of Nujiang prefecture in Yunnan, and take fulladvantage of abundant under- forest lands to improve the quality and efficiency of agriculture in poormountainous areas, the intrinsic quality and yield increasing efficiency of Nujiang local A. konjac resourceswere analyzed, in comparing with the standardized cultivation of local A. konjac in Chuxiong and Yongsheng.The results showed that the contents of mineral elements, crude fat and protein in Nujiang local A. konjac werelower than that of the control materials（Chuxiong A. konjac）, however, the content of the konjac glucomannan（11.30%） was 0.42 percentage points higher than that of the control. Influenced by drought, the growth periodof Nujiang local A. konjac was 160.68 days, and the yield increasing efficiency was 33.70%. Compared with thecontrol materials（Yongsheng A. konjac）, the growth period was 0.84 days longer, the yield increasing efficiencywas 5.16 percentage points higher. When planted under walnut forest, the yield of Nujiang local A. konjac was20556.6 kg/hm^2, which was 3616.8 kg/hm^2 more than that of Yongsheng A. konjac. These results suggested thatthe Nujiang local A. konjac was an excellent resource, which could be used to develop under-forest A. konjac industry in large areas in Nnujiang.