随机需求下基于回购契约的易逝品双渠道供应链应急协调

Emergency Coordination of Perishable Product Dual-channel Supply Chain Based on Buy-back Contract Under Stochastic Demands

充分考虑到易逝品销售周期短、市场需求不确定性大、需要回收剩余产品并做残值处理等特点,提出了通过调整回购契约参数来解决易逝品双渠道供应链应急协调问题。首先确定回购契约在供应链系统处于常规状态时的协调作用;其次,就突发事件对供应链协调的影响作用进行了定量分析并发现:当突发事件导致市场需求增加(或减少)时,使得供应链利润最大化时的订货量也相应地增加(或减少),若采用原有的回购契约将不能对供应链发挥协调作用;然后,在已有的回购契约的基础上对其做了改进,确定了契约参数的取值范围,使之在面对突发事件时仍可实现对供应链系统的应急协调;最后,运用数值算例验证了相关结论。

In term of short-cycle sale of the perishable products, as well as the uncertainty of market demands and the recovery of surplus products to treat residual value, the adjusting of the parameters in the buy-back contract was proposed to solve the emergency coordination problems for the perishable product dual-channel supply chain in this paper. Firstly, the coordination role of the buy-back contract was determined when the supply ehain system was in normal state. Secondly, the impacts of emergencies on the supply chain were ana- lyzed quantitatively, and the results showed that： （1） when the emergencies led the market demand increase （ or decrease） , （or decrease） ; chain. Thirdly, the quantity of goods for the supply chain profit maximization also had corresponding increase （2） the original buy-back contract would not be able to play a role of coordination of supply the original buy-back contract was improved and the range of the parameters in the contract was determined by theoretical formula in order to make it play a role of coordination of supply chain system in the face of emergency. Finally, a numerical example was used to confirm the related conclusions.