森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应研究进展

Response of Forest Ecosystem Soil Carbon Pool to Nitrogen Deposition: A Review

大气氮沉降的不断加剧,改变了土壤理化性质,直接影响植物的生长与发育,间接影响了陆地生态系统碳库,进而可能改变全球气候变化进程。森林是陆地生态系统的主体,因此,弄清氮沉降如何影响森林生态系统碳库,对预测全球气候变化具有重要意义。笔者旨在详细分析氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库输入和输出的影响,阐述氮沉降对森林生态系统凋落物分解、细根周转和土壤呼吸的影响研究进展和作用机制。截至目前,关于氮沉降对于陆地生态系统的影响研究报道较多,且国内外诸多学者也在森林生态系统土壤碳库对氮沉降的响应领域开展了较多试验研究,但多集中于碳输入和输出的总量分析,而对输入和输出各个组分的研究相对较少。笔者综述了国内外有关森林生态系统碳库输入和输出各组分对氮沉降响应的相关研究,为进一步揭示其响应机制和途径提供参考依据。

The increasing trend of atmospheric nitrogen deposition changes soil physical and chemicalproperties, which affects the growth and development of plants directly, and affects the terrestrial ecosystemcarbon pool indirectly, then it changes the global climate change process. Forest is the main component ofterrestrial ecosystem, therefore, it has great significance to predict the global climate change by the study ofhow the nitrogen deposition affects carbon pool of forest ecosystem. The purpose of this article was to analyzethe effect of nitrogen deposition on the input and output of forest ecosystem soil carbon pool, and elaborated theeffect of nitrogen deposition on litter decomposition, fine root turnover and soil respiration in forest ecosystem.There were many researches on the effect of nitrogen deposition on the terrestrial ecosystem, and many testswere conducted by scholars both at home and abroad on how the forest ecosystem soil carbon pool responded tonitrogen deposition. However, most people focused on the aggregate analysis of carbon input and output insteadof the components of carbon input and output separately. The authors summarized the related researches on theresponse of different components of input and output to nitrogen deposition, which provided reference forfurther study on response mechanisms and response ways.