不同种植密度对玉米农艺指标的影响

Effect of Planting Density on Corn Agronomic Indexes

本试验主要研究玉米在不同种植密度下的主要性状表现,选用‘XY696’、‘同力11号’2个品种,旨在找出玉米种植密度和玉米品种最佳耦合度,制定高产栽培技术、为玉米栽培提供理论基础。试验采用不同密度和品种的双因子随机区组设计,设置‘XY696’、‘同力11号’2个品种为主处理,密度为副处理,设6万株/hm2、7万株/hm2、8万株/hm2、9万株/hm2、10万株/hm2,旨在确定2个玉米品种与种植密度的最佳耦合度。研究结果表明,低密度条件下,由于单株的营养面积大,通风透光条件好,光合速率高;高密度条件下,由于单株的营养面积小,通风透光条件差,植株光合速率低;2个玉米品种种植密度在（6万~9万）株/hm2范围内,玉米农艺、产量指标呈正相关,密度达到10万株/hm2时,玉米农艺、产量指标呈现下降趋势。2个玉米品种与种植密度的最佳耦合度为（8万~9万）株/hm2。

This test aims to study main agronomic characters performance of corn in different plantingdensities. The authors chose ‘XY696’ and ‘Tongli 11’ as materials, to find the optimal coupling of plantingdensity and corn varieties, develop high-yield cultivation techniques, and provide a theoretical basis for corncultivation. The authors used two- factor randomized block design with different densities and varieties, set ‘XY696’ and ‘Tongli 11’ as main treatment and density as deputy treatment. The test density was set as60000, 70000, 80000, 90000 and 100000 per hm2, to determine the optimal coupling of the two varieties andplanting density. The results showed that under low density, due to large plant nutrient area and good air andlight conditions, the plant photosynthetic rate was high; under high density, due to small plant nutrition areaand poor ventilation and light conditions, the plant photosynthetic rate was low; the planting density of the twovarieties was in the range of 60000-90000 per hm2, the agronomic yield index was positively correlated withdensity, when the density was 100000 per hm2, the agronomic yield index showed a downward trend. Therefore,the optimal coupling of the two corn varieties and planting density was 80000 to 90000 per hm2.