管制性征收与警察权行使的区分标准

The Distinguishing Criterias of the Regulatory Takings and the Performance of Police Power

《美国宪法》征收条款自1791年生效以来,纵然只有简短的几十个单词,但美国法院却能够游刃有余地处理各类征收案件,应用管制性征收制度较好地实现了政府权力与私人财产权的衡平。我国与征收有关的法律规定虽多,拒不搬迁、上访、当众喊冤、围堵政府与法院等恶性事件却呈现高发态势,值得我们深思。应当借鉴美国经验,结合我国具体实践,把对财产权施加的限制和负担行为界定为征收,并设立以"不当行为"为中心的管制性征收标准,尽快解决我国经济发展过程中因总体城市规划、兴建公共基础设施、城镇化等所引发的征收问题,切实保护私人财产权,适当限制政府权力。

The takings clause of constitution of the United States of America has come into force since 1791, even if it has only short dozens of words, but the court in America can do a job with skill and ease in handling various takings cases and realize the balance of the government power and the private property rights better through exercising the regulatory takings system, and our country has so many legal provisions about takings, however, there is a high -risk trend that appears, such as, refusing to remove, petitioning, crying out a grievance in public and mobbing the government and the court, which is worth rethinking. We should draw on the experience of America, be combined with the concrete practice of our country, define the behavior of the restrictions and the burden imposed on the property as takings and establish the regulatory takings standard going around ＂inappropriate behavior＂, so that we could solve the takings problems caused in the process of economic development in our country because of the overall urban plan, constructing public infrastructure and urbanization, really ensure the protection of private property rights and limit the government powers appropriately.