颈内动脉先天发育异常的CT诊断(附3例报告并文献复习)

Congenital Anomalies of the Internal Carotid Artery:Report of 3 Cases with Literature Review

目的探讨颈内动脉先天发育异常的CT表现。方法搜集经影像学诊断的3例颈内动脉发育异常患者的临床及影像资料,结合文献分析其CT特点。结果 3例颈内动脉发育异常均位于左侧,2例为颈内动脉发育不全,表现为颈内动脉相应节段的缺如,1例合并颈动脉管未发育,另1例颈动脉管正常;1例为颈内动脉发育不良,显示颈内动脉及颈动脉管纤细。1例合并颅内多发动脉瘤。3例均显示相应侧支血管。结论颈内动脉先天发育异常可合并多种颅外内血管异常,诊断需要结合颈内动脉及颈动脉管的形态。

Objective To analyze the CT manifestations of congenital anomalies of the internal carotid artery （ICA） in order to highlight the awareness of this disease. Methods The clinical characteristics and CT manifestations were retrospectively analyzed in 3 cases with congenital anomalies of the ICA, and the related literatures were reviewed. Results All the 3 cases presented with left-sided ICA anomalies, among which agenesis of the ICA was observed in 2 cases, showing absence of the corresponding segments of the ICA. Of the two, ne case showed absence of the cervical and petrous part of the left ICA and the homolateral bony carotid canal and the other case showed absence of the proximal portion of cervical part of the left ICA but with normal bony carotid canal. Hypoplasia of ICA was found in one case, showing significantly diminutive ICA and homolateral bony carotid canal. Multiple intracranial aneurysms were detected in one case. Collateral vessels were well established in all 3 cases. Conclusion Congenital anomalies of the ICA might be accompanied with multiple extra- and intracranial vascular abnormalities, and the diagnosis usually depends on the morphology of ICA and bony carotid canal, CT was able to meet the requirement.