经济危机的收入不平等效应:基于2008年美国金融危机

The Income Inequality Effect of Economic Crisis: Analysis Based on the 2008 US Financial Crisis

经济危机对于收入不平等既是结果也是原因,两者之间存在双向强化的反馈机制,2008年美国金融危机引发的经济危机就是其典型例证。经济危机的收入不平等效应是一个复杂的过程,劳动需求的大幅减少、经济主体的转变和工人组织力的下降等因素,都成为收入不平等在经济危机期间恶化的传输渠道和作用机制。经济全球化通过国际贸易和汇率变化及国际资本流动强化了这些因素的影响。这些因素及危机调控政策对于资本和劳动的影响都是非对称的。基于2008年金融危机,本文试图在分析经济危机期间收入不平等变化的基础上,建立起收入不平等的一般危机分析框架。

Economic crisis is both the result and cause of income inequality. There is mutual enhancement between them. The economic crisis caused by the 2008 financial crisis is a typical example. The income inequality effect is a complicated process. Substantial decrease in the demand for labor,change of economic actors and the weakening of workers' organizational power contributed to the deterioration of income inequality during economic crisis. Economic globalization intensifies the influences of these factors through changes in international trade and exchange rate as well as international capital flow. There is asymmetric impact on capital and labor from these factors and from the adjusting polices under crisis. Based on the 2008 financial crisis,this article tries to analyze the change of income inequality during the economic crisis and builds a crisis-based general framework for the analysis of income inequality.