中国中东欧研究的几个问题

Several Issues on Central and Eastern European Studies

中国的中东欧研究曾作为苏联学或克里姆林宫学的一个组成部分。1991年之后,中东欧地区国家脱离苏联集团而作为国际舞台上的独立主体。此后的中东欧研究也从苏联学或克里姆林宫学中剥离出来,成为国际政治研究的清晰可辨的客体。历史地看,中国的中东欧研究具有两个鲜明特征,即非连续性和政治性。受这两个特征影响,中国的中东欧研究经历了研究对象称谓、研究队伍、研究内容和研究方法等方面的重大变化。随着中东欧地区国家欧(盟)洲属性不断增强和大转型进入新阶段,中东欧研究的欧洲性亦日益凸显。虽然中东欧国家本体论的研究依然具有合理性和必要性,但研究者必须正视中东欧国家的欧洲属性。当然,作为过往地缘政治的"遗产",整个中东欧地区作为一个独立的研究客体有可能逐渐式微。

Central and Eastern European studies in China used to be part of Sovietology/Kremlinology.After 1991,Central and Eastern European countries broke away from the former Soviet bloc and emerged as an independent entity on the world stage.As a consequence,the study of those countries was also separated from Sovietology/Kremlinology and became a discernable object in international politics studies.Historically,Central and Eastern European studies in China had two prominent features—inconsistency and politicalness,which resulted in the significant changes in such aspects as the designation of research subject,research teams,research content and research methodology.As Central and Eastern European countries are more fully integrated into Europe/the E.U.and the great transformation enters a new stage,the Europe-ness of Central and Eastern European studies has achieved increasing significance.Although the ontological study of Central and Eastern countries still has its plausibility and necessity,researchers have to take the Europe-ness of those countries seriously.As a'legacy'of erstwhile geopolitics,the whole of Central and Eastern European countries used to be taken as an independent research object,but this is going to decline gradually.