白族“烧包节”祭祀食俗:基于大理双廊镇的一项田野调查

Food Custom and Rituals of Bai People's Ghosts' Festival:A Study Based on Fieldwork in Shuanglang,Dali

对大理双廊镇的七月半"烧包节"的祭祀食俗做了田野调查。白族人不仅用丰盛的餐桌献祭祖先,也用纸衣水饭慰藉游魂。从献祭的内容、方式、空间位置、秩序与禁忌的比照,均体现出白族人对自家祖先和孤魂野鬼的区分:诚敬逝去的亲人,寄托哀思,希求庇护;同时礼敬游魂,表达同情,求得平安。

Based on a fieldwork in Shuanglang Town of customs of their Ghosts＇ Festival in the Mid - July （ by lunar a big meal to their ancestors, but also comfort the wandering charity. Compare with these two types of rituals on offerings, some obvious discrimination of the two types of supernatural. Dali, this article focuses on the food rituals and calendar）. Bai people not just prepare and offer ghosts by giving simple food and paper coats in approaches, positions, orders and taboos, it tells That is, showing a great respect and honor to the pasted away family members, in order to deliver their grief and wishes of protection ; while showing a moderate hospitality to other ghosts is to express their sympathy and requirement for peace.