浩然“文革”小说的文学价值问题

On the literary value of haoran's cultural revolution fictions

浩然的长篇小说《金光大道》无论从哪方面说都是"文革"文学的典型,加上"文革"前夕的《艳阳天》(第一部)和"文革"中出版的第二部和第三部,以及《西沙儿女》《百花川》共同组成浩然的"文革"小说。《西沙儿女》和《百花川》属被利用的"阴谋文艺",是"文学赝品",已失去研究价值;相反,从《艳阳天》到《金光大道》代表着浩然小说创作的"辉煌"和"问题",且在研究的视野中几次引起争议,至今存在分歧。对此,我们该怎样去研究和评价?笔者认为,首先应该有一个客观公正的立场、原则、态度和标准,不能意气用事,作情绪化的褒贬;不能用今天的标准和认识水平去苛求前人。对于像浩然及其文本都比较复杂的研究对象,应该是正面和负面并存、价值和问题同在的,而且是复杂地扭结在一起的。因此,必须把握好一个"度"的问题,任何过分的褒或贬都是不合适的。

Haoran＇s novel Golden Roadis a typical example of Cultural Revolution Fiction in every aspect together with the first volume of Bright Sunny Day written on the eve of Cultural Revolution and its second and third volumes written during the Cultural Revolution,and Children of Xisha and Baihua River,makes up a whole collection of Haoran＇s Cultural Revolution Fiction.ChildrenofXishaand Baihua River are classified as conspiracy literature,therefore,having lost their research value,whereas Golden Roadand Bright Sunny Day have presented to the readers the glory and problems in Haoran＇s novel writing,and never cease to arouse controversy.Hereof,how are we supposed to conduct research and assessment？The author believes that first of all,objective and impartial stand,principle,attitude and criteria are needed instead of impulsive and emotional conclusions and comments,so we would not judge the writer and his works too harshly with our modern standard and understanding.For a complicated research object like Haoran and his works,it is only natural for the positive and negative sides to coexist,and their value and problems are so intricately intertwined that a good grasp of degrees is essential and any excessive praise or censure would be inappropriate.