从“诗乐舞”相配角度谈《九歌》题名与篇数问题——结合“琴舞九絉”等相关出土材料

To Explore the Title and Number of Jiu Ge in the Perspective of Poem Phrase, Music and Dance Matching Up: Discussion with the Unearthed Documents Qin Wu Jiu Shu

屈原《九歌》之"九"与《九章》之"九"意义不同,并不表示文章的篇目数。《九歌》实承自上古乐曲旧题,"九"乃"九成"之意,表示乐曲共包含九个不同的乐章(段)。参照《清华简》"琴舞九絉"的结构与内容,不同的乐段对应不同的主题,其歌辞与舞蹈的内容亦会配合相应的主题,有所更换。《九歌》集诗、乐、舞三者于一身,按照"诗乐舞"相配的原则,其包含的十一篇文章,依据祭祀对象的类别与祭祀仪程,可分为九种不同的主题,恰好能够与题名所谓乐曲"九成"相配。

＂Jiu＂ in Qu Yuan＇s Jiu Ge （（九歌））is different with ＂Jiu＂ in Jiu Zhang （（九章））which means the number of articles. Actually it is from ancient song, and represents the musical composition containing nine different movements. Referring to the structure and content of Tsinghua Bamboo-slips（（清华简））） Qin Wu Jiu Shu（琴舞九絉 ）,different rhythm corresponds to a dif- ferent theme,the contents of lyrics and the dance would change with the theme. Jiu Ge collects the poem phrase, music and dance in one, in accordance with the principles of poem phrase, music and dance matching up, the eleven articles of Jiu Ge, could be divided into nine different kinds of themes according to the category of sacrificial offering object and sacrificial process, just corresponding to the title of Jiu Ge which means nine music movements.