城镇化背景下农民土地权益保障的道义边界研究——基于马克思劳动伦理观视域

A Study on Moral Boundary of Peasants' Land Rights and Interests Guarantee under the background of Urbanization: Based on Marx Labor Ethic

合理保障农民土地权益是推进农村城镇化的根本道义要求。马克思在从历史的高度、经济的视域肯定此过程的必然性、必要性与合理性的同时,从劳动伦理观视域深入论证了保障农民土地权益的正义依据、人道要求、自由意义,深刻批判了资本主义城镇化对劳动正义、人道、自由原则的背离,土地私有化是农村城镇化的不道德选择。马克思的"如是说"启示我们:农村城镇化是必然的,保障农民土地权益是必须的,农民过度要求土地权益是不应该的,土地私有化是不允许的;当代中国农村城镇化可与农村土地国有化相向而行,由此可以走出一条政府少征地,又能坚守保障农民土地权益道义边界的"中庸"之道。

Guaranteeing peasants＇ land rights and interests is the essential requirement for urbanization advancement. Based on the height of history and economic view, Marx affirmed the process＇ inevitability, necessity and rationality. Meanwhile, he deeply demonstrated its righteous, humanitarian demands and significance of freedom; he also profoundly criticized that capitalistic ur- banization deviates from laboring righteous, humanitarian, principle of freedom, and land privatization is immoral. Marx＇s ＂Thus Spoke＂ inspired us that urbanization is inevitable, Guaranteeing peasants＇ land rights and interests is necessary, peasants shouldn＇t over demand for land rights and interests, land privatization is unallowable. In modern China, urbanization and rural land nation- alization goes in opposite directions, thus, not only fewer land will be taken over for use by our government, but also ＂the golden mean＂ of guaranteeing peasants＇ land rights and interests can be stick to.