汉语无标记被动句与有标记被动句的认知辨析

Cognitive Differentiation of Chinese Unmarked Passive and Marked Passive

汉语无标记被动句即受事主语句和有标记被动句即被字句的关系一直是颇受争议的话题,已有研究主要从二者的句式义、动词的句法语义特征辨别其差别,这种判别办法的实际操作性不强。分析二者的构式差别,对二者的认知过程进行研究,可发现,受事主语句和被字句具有不同的构式意义;二者是受事注意范围、详略度、扫描方式等识解差异在语言结构上的体现。

The relationship of Chinese unmarked passive, patient subject pattern and marked passive has long been a heat-debated topic. The previous research mainly focuses on their pattern meanings, the syntax and semantic features, which turns out to be weak in distinguishing them. The paper probes their constructional differences and cognitive process. The research finds that the two passives have different construction meanings, and that they are reflection of construing differences in patient attention scope, specificity degree and scanning ways.