海岸带区域可持续发展的国际经验及启示

The International Experiences and the Enlightenments from the Sustainable Development of Coastal Zone

海岸带区域是人口密集、高度开发、生态脆弱的地区。海岸带区域如何能可持续地发展,是世界各国共同面对的问题,对当前中国的经济发展更具有紧迫性。国际社会采取了"海岸带区域综合管理"的治理方法。海岸带区域综合管理的主要措施是建立海岸带区域综合管理的法律体系、协调海岸带管理的多方面领域、确立海岸带综合管理的功能、整合海岸带综合管理的各项政策。中国海岸带区域经济发展中存在的问题主要是环境污染严重、生物多样性破坏及海岸带区域无序开发。借鉴国际经验应推动海岸带区域综合管理的立法工作、建立各部门联合的综合管理机制、加强海岸带区域污染控制体系建设。

Coastal zones are areas with the population density, the highest degree of development and utilization, and the most vulnerable ecological environment in the world. How to keep the sustainable development of coastal zones is a common problem faced by all the countries in the world, and it is more urgent for China＇s community has taken the policy known as the In economic development at present. International tegrated Coastal Zone Management （ICAM） to a- chieve sustainable development in the coastal zone. The main measures of ICZM are as follows ： to build the comprehensive management legal system of coastal zones, coordinate different aspects of coastal zone management, establish the integrated function of coastal zone management, and coor- dinate the management policies in the zones. The main problems in the economic development of China＇s coastal zone involve the serious environmental pollution, the destruction of biological diver- sity and the disorderly development of the coastal zone. Drawing lessons from the international ex- perience, we should promote the legislative work of the comprehensive management of the coastal zones, establish the integrated management mechanism among various departments, and strengthen the construction of the coastal zone pollution control system.