城市群休闲农业旅游开发环境健康评价研究——以中国沿海六大城市群为例

Research on the leisure agriculture tourism based on environmental health evaluation

因地制宜地实现农业休闲功能卓有成效的开发是推进农业现代化和城乡社会经济统筹的科学举措。在探索性构建城市群休闲农业旅游开发环境健康评价指标体系基础上,结合ESDA分析方法,探讨中国沿海六大城市群休闲农业旅游开发的环境健康与适宜性状况。研究表明:1休闲农业旅游开发环境健康指数在城市群间与城市群内均呈现较大差异,以产业经济环境为主导的环境健康指数"非均衡性"成为制约地区休闲农业发展的"瓶颈";2城市群间与城市群内环境健康指数核密度分布的空间结构、空间形态和空间趋势呈现不同的变化特征;3沿海休闲农业旅游开发可被划分为健康积极开发、较健康适宜开发、亚健康适度开发、非健康整合开发等4种类型。最后,提出各类型发展方向及策略,以期为沿海及中国城郊休闲农业旅游开发提供借鉴和指引。

Leisure Agriculture Tourism （LAT） plays an important role in exploring multi- functionality of agriculture, enhancing agriculture quality and efficiency, expanding employment and income channels for farmers and stimulating the vitality of rural and social development in the countryside. Therefore, scientific and objective evaluation of environmental health on LAT, is beneficial to identification of the type, size and layout of the regional LAT development. What＇s more, it can instruct related policy, market, capital and infrastructure in case blind development, disordered expansion and ecological damage. It is also a scientific action to promote agricultural modernization and coordinate society and economy between urban and rural areas by effective development of regional agriculture＇s leisure function, according to local conditions. So the evaluation is equipped with theoretical guidance and practical value. The paper constructs an environmental health evaluation system of LAT, and examines the environmental health and suitability of LAT in the six coastal agglomerations of China, combined with ESDA analysis. Finally, the results can be obtained as follows： （1） The environment health index shows obvious differences among the urban agglomerations and inside the urban agglomerations; the differences of environmental health index are dominated by the industrial economy environment, and the ＂non-equalization＂ of environmental health index is the ＂bottle-neck＂ restricting the development of regional LAT. （2） There are different characteristics in spatial structures, spatial patterns and spatial trends of the kernel density distribution of the environmental health index among the urban agglomerations and inside the urban agglomerations. There is noticeable node-liked hierarchical distribution, ＂patch shaped, distributed＂ and ＂ring shaped, continued＂ characteristics between urban agglomerations, and network-liked spatial distribution structure, ＂cluster type＂ and ＂band extension＂ spatial form within urban agglomerations; （3） LAT along the coast can be divided into 4 types： healthy and active development, healthy and suitable development, sub-healthy and moderate development, and non-healthy and integrated development. At last, the paper provides the development directions and strategies to various types, in order to promote agricultural modernization, coordination between rural and urban areas, improvement of eco-environment in rural areas and achieve sustainable development of LAT.