大气能见度的环境经济价值评估:研究评述与展望

A Literature Review and Research Prospect of Environmental Valuation on Atmospheric Visibility

PM_(2.5)引致的雾霾现象,不仅昭示中国严峻的大气污染形势及健康风险,同时,也带来能见度下降等问题。能见度降低不仅直接影响交通等社会经济活动的正常进行,同时也对民众的生活质量产生影响。在人们对环境质量和生活品质的认识、理解和诉求不断提升的背景下,良好的大气能见度成为具有稀缺性同时也与民众生活质量密切相关的公共环境资源。对大气能见度进行环境经济价值评估是环境经济学研究的前沿领域。文章对国际上大气能见度价值评估的研究和实践进展进行了梳理和评述,重点对内涵资产价值评估法、条件价值评估法、联合分析法和选择实验法等方法在能见度价值评估中的进展进行了总结和比较,并对中国开展大气能见度价值评估提出研究展望。

The PM2.5 pollution and haze in China is not only being a concern of human health, but also a cause of degradation of visibility. Visibility degradation has an impact on both social economic activities, such as transportation, and quality of life. As the awareness of environment and quality of life improved, public demand on good environmental quality and living standards increased, the favorable visibility becomes a common resource with scarcity and being more important part of quality of life. Environmental valuation on visibility is an academic frontier in environmental economics which will interpret how public/individual weight the importance of visibility. This paper reviews the literatures and progress on atmospheric visibility valuation studies, summarized and compared the valuation methods mainly applied in visibility valuation studies, i.e. Hedonic Price, Contingent Valuation, and Choice Analysis/Choice Experiment, and finally we made conclusions and research prospects on visibility valuation in China.