语法隐喻的语用发生理据

On the pragmatic motivation of grammatical metaphor

本文以广义的语法隐喻为基础,在语义发生学视阈下构建语义发生的语用框架,从话语发生的语域和说话人两个因素来探讨语法隐喻。我们把说话人的言语表达与语域一致的词汇语法表达式看成一致式,把偏离语域并产生特定语用意义的词汇语法表达式看成隐喻式。说话人为满足语义表达的需要,可以通过改变语义表达的视点产出与一致式表达意义不同的言语表达式,即隐喻式。这种对语法隐喻的评判更强调语言表达式的实际使用,突出语法隐喻的语用特征。

Based on the broad sense of grammatical metaphor and centering on the register of logogenesis and the speaker, this paper constructs a pragmatic framework to explore grammatical metaphor from the perspective of semogenesis. A criterion is proposed that the speaker's lexico- grammatical expressions consistent with the register are congruent forms, while expressions departing from theregister and producing certain pragmatic meanings are metaphorical ones. Metaphorical forms are thus produced when the speaker changes the viewpoint to satisfy his communicative intention. This criterion emphasizes the practical use of linguistic expressions and highlights the role of pragmatic features in the detection of grammatical metaphor.