流域生态补偿标准的域值空间分析——以石羊河流域民勤县为例

Analysis of Threshold Space of Watershed Ecological Compensation Standard——A Case Study in Minqin County of Shiyang River Basin

生态补偿标准的科学确定是建立生态补偿机制的关键。在简要说明生态补偿标准核算方法的基础上,结合石羊河流域实践与存在的问题,选取生态服务价值、机会成本和支付意愿三种补偿标准进行比较,确定石羊河流域生态补偿标准。结果表明:以WTP为参照确定补偿标准,实施补偿的投入最少,但对生态系统服务的整体性与系统性考虑较少;以ESV为参照确定补偿标准,一定程度上改善了居民对生态系统服务的认识,但对居民切身利益考虑较少,生态补偿的效益有待分析;机会成本则将生态补偿实践与家庭或个人的生产实践联系到一起,居民可接受弥补其因生态补偿实践中的实际损失,生态补偿实践效率得到保障。

Scientifically determining ecological compensation standard was the key to establish the ecological compensation mechanism. Based on describing briefly the accounting methods on ecological compensation standard, combined practice and problems in Shiyang River Basin, this paper se- lected the value of ecosystem services, the opportunity cost and willingness to pay for three kinds of compensation standard for comparison, thus deter- mined the ecological compensation standard in Shiyang River Basin. The results showed that referring to the WTP to determine the compensation stan- dard, the implementation of compensation may be a minimum, but less considered the holistic and systematic eeosystem services. While referring to ESV to determine the compensation standard, to some extent, which improved the understanding of ecosystem services for residents, but less considered the vital interests of the residents, ecological compensation and benefits should be analyzed. The opportunity cost would contact ecological compensati- on practice and production practice of families or individuals together. The residents could accept actual loss because of its ecological compensation practice, and efficiency of ecological compensation practice could be guaranteed.