基于观法心智的中西方园林要素的比较分析及现代意义

Comparing Analysis of Western and Chinese Garden Elements Based on Way of Watching and Modern Value

"观法"是一种认知的方式,其中潜藏的是思维方式。现代"观法"中,园林被视为为山、水、植物、建筑四个自明要素组成的无整体目标的体系。该文试图依据王澍的"观想"心智,重返传统语境,复建以"意境"为整体诗意目标,以"景"、"环境"、"路径"和"造景手法"四个互成性的构成要素为关键词的传统造园"观法"理论体系。将这一"观法"体系的要素——景、环境、路径、造景手法转化为景、置景器、连景器和观景器,并使之模件化,探索中国传统造园的模件化可操作性。

The ＂way of watching＂ is a method of cognition which implies the way of thinking.In the view of modern ＂way of watching＂,garden is regarded as a system which includes 4 selfevident elements,hill,water,plant and buildings and has no common aim.Based on Wang Shu＇s ＂watching and thinking＂mind/mental theory,we try to rebuild a new theory system of ＂way of watching＂ which takes the ＂artistic conception＂ as the common aim,and takes correlative elements as the 4 key concepts： the ＂scene＂,＂environment＂,＂path＂ and ＂approaches of landscaping＂.By transferring the four elements into ＂scene,scene placing implement,scene linking implement and scene viewing implement,correspondingly to make them modularize.We also explore the possibility to improve the modularization maneuverability of traditional Chinese gardens.