“废历”:革命与进步情境中的旧历形象建构

“Abolished Calendar”(feili) : The Construction of the Chinese Traditional Calendar in the Context of Revolution and Progress

以西历取代中国原有的阴阳合历,此举发生在近代化背景之下,是民国时期政府参照或依据西方科学在中国社会完成的一次对时间秩序的重构。西历相比于旧历的"科学性"与"进步性"就是在这一背景下完成的社会建构。在废除旧历运动中,西历被定为"国历",而旧历则被称为"废历";同时,在当时以"革命"与"进步"为线索的社会情境之下,"废历"还被附载了不属于它的内容和意义,使之与"废历"成为一体,从而实现对旧历的污名化。

During the Republic of China,the popularization of the Gregorian calendar to replace the Chinese traditional calendar can be regarded as a restructuring of time-ordering implemented by the government on the basis of Western science. The expressions that the Gregorian calendar was more ＂scientific＂and＂advanced＂was a social construction in the context of Chinese modernization. During the process of the Abolishing the Old Calendar Movement,the Western calendar was called the ＂National Calendar＂,and the Chinese traditional calendar was called the＂Abolished Calendar＂,an appellation first proposed by radical intellectuals. At the same time,in certain social discourses oriented around＂revolution＂and＂advancement＂,the＂Abolished Calendar＂was laden with some interpretations which didn＇t belong to it,and was integrated with those ＂bad＂images that were used to disparage the Chinese traditional calendar.