黑水虻幼虫培养基替代豆粕对吉富罗非鱼生长、体组成和血清生化指标的影响

Effect of replacing soybean meal with black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens) larvae culture meal on growth performance,body composition and serum parameters for GIFT tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

在实用饲料(含豆粕35.0%,豆粕粗蛋白质含量为47.7%)的基础上,用黑水虻幼虫培养基分别替代0(G0)、15%(G15)、30%(G30)、45%(G45)的豆粕,配制成4种等氮(31%),等脂(6%)的实验饲料,以研究罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)饲料中黑水虻幼虫培养基替代豆粕的可行性。将400尾初始体重为(2.30±0.02)g的罗非鱼随机分成4组(每组设4个重复,每个重复25尾),其中以饲喂G0实验饲料的组为对照组,实验期为8周。结果显示:黑水虻幼虫培养基替代豆粕对罗非鱼增重率、饵料系数、存活率影响不显著。与G0组相比,各替代组罗非鱼全鱼粗蛋白、灰分、水分含量差异不显著,但随着替代量的增加,全鱼粗脂肪含量显著降低,G45组全鱼粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组。黑水虻幼虫培养基替代豆粕对罗非鱼肥满度影响不显著,但肝体比随着替代量的增加显著降低,在30%的替代量时差异达到显著水平。与G0组相比,各替代组罗非鱼血清白蛋白、球蛋白、血糖、甘油三酯、胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶以及尿素含量差异不显著。由以上研究结果得出,在豆粕用量为35%的基础饲料中,黑水虻幼虫培养基可替代豆粕用量的45%而不影响罗非鱼生长,黑水虻幼虫培养基在基础饲料中的添加量为34.6%,占饲料总蛋白质含量的23.69%;黑水虻幼虫培养基可显著降低罗非鱼全鱼粗脂肪含量以及肝体比。

In order to study the feasibility of replacement of soybean meal with black soldier fly（ Hermetia illucens） larvae culture meal in diets for tilapia（ Oreochromis niloticus）,four isonitrogenous（ 31%） and isolipidic（ 6%） diets were prepared by replacing 0（ G0）,15（ G15）,30（ G30） and 45%（ G45） of the soybean meal protein with black soldier fly larvae culture protein on basis of a practical diet（ soybean meal content was 35. 0% and crude protein content in soybeanmeal was 47. 7%）,respectively. A total of 400 tilapia with an initial weight of（ 2. 30 ± 0. 02） g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate,and the fish in the control group were fed G0 diet. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed that,the weight gain ratio,feed conversion ratio and survival ratio were not significantly affected by black soldier fly larvae culture replacement levels. The crude protein,ash and moisture content of whole body were not significantly different between G0 group and other groups,however,as the black soldier fly larvae culture replacement increasing,the crude lipid content and liver index were significantly decreased. The contents of serum ALB,IG,TG,CHO,GLU and UREA as well as the activities of ALT and AST were not significantly affected by black soldier fly larvae culture replacement levels. Based on the present experimental results,it is concluded that 45% of soybean meal protein could be replaced by black soldier fly larvae culture protein without causing a significant reduction in growth performance,black soldier fly larvae culture protein can be used 23. 69% of the total protein in diet. Black soldier fly larvae culture meal in diets could reduce crude lipid content and liver index of tilapia.