违法信息披露:一种全新的行政实效性确保手段

Illegal Information Disclosure: A New Means of Ensuring Administrative Effectiveness

市场经济中信息本身是不对称的,在这种市场失灵的情况下如何进行政府规制成为长期以来的研究重心。传统做法是对扰乱市场经济秩序及破坏安全、环境的行为进行经济性规制或社会性规制,但随着实践中行政不法现象越来越复杂,传统做法的高成本缺陷逐渐暴露。在此夹缝及信息公开的大背景中,违法信息披露作为一种全新的规制手段找到了一席之地,并被广泛运用于道路交通、产品质量、食品安全、环境保护等领域,发挥传统规制手段无法企及的优势。但目前对该手段的认识与应用呈现出杂乱无章的局面,尤其是有关违法信息披露的性质问题,既有事实行为说,又存在各种不同形态的法律行为说,这些观点并未从该规制手段的内部法律关系角度进行认定,导致了认识的片面化。关于违法信息披露的粗线条、点状式规定与研究路径很可能为行政主体权力滥用提供新的契机。为高效挖掘此规制手段之作用,有必要从大处着眼,改分散性研究为整体框架式研究,从性质、合法性、正当性、具体应用与法律限制的角度规范性地把握此问题,使其在现有行政法中找准自己的位置,以更好地与行政法框架下其他理论和制度相衔接,真正为行政规制目标之实现而发挥强力。

The market economy itself is asymmetric information. Under the situation of market, how government makes regulation becomes the focus of research. Traditional practice is to carry out economic regulation or social regulation to the behavior of disrupting the market economic order and undermining the security and environmental. But with the increasing complex of administrative practice lawlessness, the high cost shortcoming of traditional practices gradually is exposed. Under the background of information disclosure, as a new regulation means, illegal information disclosure gets its position and is widely used in the field of road transport, product quality, food safety, and environmental protection. The role of traditional regulatory instruments cannot match its advantages. But the understanding and application of the means show a chaotic situation. In particular, as for the nature of illegal information disclosure, there are both factual action argument and legal acts argument of variety of different forms. These views do not affirm from the viewpoint of internal legal relations of the regulation means and thus lead to the unilateralness of cognition. The slapdashness, dot-type regulations and research way of illegal information disclosure may provide a new chance for right abuse of administrative body. To fully play the function of this regulation means, it is necessary to change the dispersed research into entire frame type research and grasp the issue from the viewpoint of nature, legality, validity, specific application and legal restrictions. In this way, it can find its proper position, better coordinate with other theories and systems under the administrative framework and really play its function for achieving administrative regulation.