巴丹吉林沙漠边缘地带植物区系及其资源利用

Flora and Its Resource Utilization of Badain Jaran Desert Edge

[目的]分析巴丹吉林沙漠边缘地区植物区系及植被资源利用,为日后巴丹吉林沙漠区域的植被恢复、保护和利用提供理论依据和参考。[方法]以植物地理学的原理和方法,结合实地调查情况,对巴丹吉林沙漠边缘特殊生境的植物区系组成、区系分布进行系统的讨论,划分该区植被资源类型并且提出保护措施和利用方法。[结果]巴丹吉林沙漠边缘地区植被为典型的荒漠植被,共记录植物13科30属32种,其中裸子植物1科1属1种,被子植物12科29属31种。同时受地形、地貌、气候等生境影响,该地植物区系分布有明显差异性。植被资源具体可分为食(饲)用植物(22种)、药用植物(12种)、生态植物(17种)和其他资源4大类。提出了迁移物种、丰富度和多样性等保护方法;归纳了对水资源的控制,合理放牧、适当封育、药用资源合理采挖和多种资源综合利用的方式。[结论]巴丹吉林沙漠边远地区植被调查分析对沙漠化的防治和沙漠资源的利用有重大作用。

[Objective] We aim to analyze the flora and utilization of vegetation resources in the margin of Badain Jaran desert, in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for vegetation restoration, protection and utilization in Badain Jaran desert.[Methods] Based on the principles and methods of geobotany, combined with field investigation, this article systematically discussed the composition and distribution of flora in the margin of Badain Jaran desert. The types of desert vegetation resources were divided and the protection measures and methods were proposed.[Results] The vegetation in the margin belonged to typical desert flora. There were 32 species belonging to 30 genera in 13 families in the study area, including gymnosperms （1 family, 1 genus and 1 species） and angiosperms （12 families, 29 genera and 31 kinds）. Influenced by topography, landform, climate and other habitats, the distribution of flora showed significant differences. The vegetation resources could be classified into four types：edible or feeding vegetation（22 species）, medicinal vegetation（12 species）, ecological vegetation（17 species） and other resources. The article proposed conservation methods such as migratory species, species richness and diversity, and summarized the methods of controlling water resources, reasonable grazing, proper sealing, rational utilization of medical vegetation, and comprehensive utilization of resources.[Conclusion] The analysis on vegetation in the margin of Badain Jaran desert is of great importance for desertification control and of desert resources utilization.