英语口试中面试官语用身份的多模态分析

Multi-modal Analysis of Interviewers' Pragmatic Identity in English Oral Testing

基于陈新仁语用身份理论,通过分析BEC口语测试的视频语料,探讨了面谈互动过程中面试官的身份建构,包括面试官所建构的身份类型、身份建构的多模态手段以及不同身份建构的动因。结果发现,在口语测试这一类机构语境中,面试官通过与考生之间的多模态话语(语言以及非语言)交流,既建构了专业、权威的面试官身份,又建构了服务者、协调者、监控者、管理者、激励者等语用身份,以有利于考生发挥水平,遵守公平性原则。此研究结果对面试官培训具有一定的启示作用。

Based on the Pragmatic Identity Theory,this paper discusses,by analyzing the video data of BEC,the identity construction of the interviewers in the interactive process,i.e. different identities created by the interviewer,multi-modal means of identity construction,and the motivation to create different identities in BEC oral tests. It is found that,in order to encourage the candidates to put themselves in the best possible conditions and to obey the principle of fairness and objectivity in the interview,the interviewers not only construct the identities of professionally authoritative interviewers but also the identities of servants, coordinators, monitors, managers,motivators,etc. via a multi-modal communication with candidates（ verbal and non-verbal） in an institutional discourse context of English Oral Tests. This study sheds light on the interviewer training.