大鼠被动皮肤过敏试验影响因素探讨

Study on experiment factors of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats

目的：系统性研究大鼠被动皮肤过敏试验（PCA）的影响因素,为选择敏感试验条件和提高试验预测的准确性提供依据。方法：采用卵白蛋白（OVA）为PCA试验抗原,在不同条件下（OVA致敏剂量、添加佐剂、佐剂用量、致敏和被动致敏动物体质量及致敏时间）进行PCA试验。结果：1在不加弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）的条件下,在2.5~80 mg/只剂量范围内均未得到PCA阳性结果。2FCA显著增加大鼠肌体免疫应答的敏感性;加用FCA时,OVA用量宜选用5~20mg/只。3以每只动物致敏1 ml计,0.4 ml FCA∶0.6 ml溶媒、0.5 ml FCA∶0.5 ml溶媒及0.6 ml FCA∶0.4 ml溶媒三种配比方式均可用于PCA试验。4推荐最佳实验动物体质量为200~300 g。5致敏后12~14 d,PCA蓝斑直径可达峰值,最短致敏周期为8 d。结论：OVA致敏剂量、添加佐剂、佐剂用量、致敏和被动致敏动物体质量及致敏时间因素均对PCA结果有影响,试验时应予以重视。

Objective： To determine the optimal conditions for PCA tests to improve both sensitivity and accuracy of the tests by systematically studying the influence factors. Method： PCA experiments,with OVA as an antigen,were carried out under different conditions with an OVA sensitizing dose,with or without adjuvant,adjuvant dose,body weight of animal and sensitizing course.Results： 1 In the absence of Freund＇s Complete Adjuvant（ FCA）,no positive results were obtained with OVA within a scope of2. 5 to 80 mg / rat. 2 FCA significantly enhanced sensitivity of immune system with OVA in a range of 5 mg / rat to 20 mg / rat. 3If one milliliter was injected for sensitizing the animals,the following three solutions could be applied： 0. 4 ml of FCA in 0. 6 ml of the solvent,0. 5 ml of FCA in 0. 5 ml of the solvent and 0. 6 ml of FCA in 0. 4 ml of the solvent. 4 Animals with a body weight of 200 to 300 g were the most sensitive for PCA tests. 5 After sensitization for 12 to 14 days,the diameter of dermal Evan＇s spot reached the peak,and the shortest sensitizing course was 8 day. Conclusion： In the PCA experiment,we should pay enough attention to the factors mentioned here.