成人牙科恐惧症流行病学调查与干预研究

Epidemiological Investigation and Intervention of Adult Dental Fear

目的分析成人牙科恐惧症(DF)的统计学意义和干预研究。方法随机选取5 000例进行口腔健康检查的成年居民填写牙科焦虑量表(DAS),并让DF患者填写"对引起牙科焦虑状态的事件的害怕程度"问卷。将DF患者随机平均分为两组,对照组采用一般治疗,干预组在此基础上实施干预,比较两组的有效率。结果 5 000例居民中有3 210例患有DF,其中女性发病率显著高于男性;年龄越大,发病率越低;差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在DF的影响因素中,牙痛经历、牙科治疗经历和对牙科器械的恐惧分别排列前三位。经过干预后,干预组的有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成人DF呈中度流行趋势,科学有效的干预措施可减轻患者的焦虑心理。

Objective To analyze the statistical significance and intervention study of adult dental fear （DF）. Methods 5 000 cases of adult residents receiving oral health examination were selected to fill in dental anxiety scale （DAS）. The questionnaires on fear of events that cased dental anxiety were filled in by DF patients. The DF patients were randomly divided into two groups equally. The control group received conventional treatment, while the intervention group received interventional treatment on this basis. The effective rate was compared between two groups. Results There were 3 210 cases of DF patients among 5 000 cases of residents. The female incidence was significantly higher than that of male, and the older adults have lower incidence, with statistical differences （both P 〈0.05）. The top three factors of DF were toothache experience, dental treatment experience and fear of dental instruments. After the intervention, the effective rate of intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group, with statistical difference （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Adult DF shows a moderately endemic trend, and scientific and effective intervention can ease patients＇ anxiety.