东南亚各国政策对汉语传播影响的历时国别比较研究

A Diachronic Comparative Study of the Impact of National Policy on Chinese Language Teaching in Southeast Asian Countries

对20世纪以来东南亚国家汉语传播发展历程进行国别比较研究后发现,东南亚多数国家华文教育发展轨迹都经历了"三起两落",呈现出"波段共振性",同时又具有明显的国别差异性;20世纪华语华文在东南亚各国传播中遭受打压的相似历史告诉我们,汉语国际传播应避免意识形态冲突,海外华人华侨的语言文化传承应在所在国法律法规允许的范围内进行;国家政策是语言传播的重要决定因素之一,往往受国际政治经济及国家间外交关系的影响。因此,中国应将推动语言文化国际合作交流纳入国家外交工作,推动签署语言文化国际交流协定,建立需求导向的东南亚汉语传播服务体系,以促进汉语和中华文化国际传播,提升中国软实力。

Based on a diachronic comparative study, the paper reports that the development of Chinese language teaching in most of the Southeast Asian countries has been featured as resonance with three increases and two decreases, and with national differences. A similar history of Chinese language suppressed in the 20th century has inspired us to PrOPose that ideological conflicts should be avoided in teaching Chinese language and culture in the international context, and laws and regulations of the resident country should be obeyed. National policies, one of the most decisive factors in language communication, are often influenced by international political and economic situations and diplomatic relations between countries. Therefore, international cooperation on language and cultural communication should be undertaken as one of the priorities in Chinese foreign affairs, and international agreements on language and cultural communication should be encouraged, and a demandoriented Chinese language service system should be set up for Southeast Asian countries, in a bid to promote Chinese language and cultural communication and enhance the soft power of China.