出口与企业内部工资的“剪刀差”:目的国市场的影响

Export and Internal Wage Scissors in Enterprise:The Impact of Export Destination

在垄断竞争理论框架下引入消费者异质性特征,考察出口目的国市场对不同技能工人工资差距的影响。在此基础上,采用2000—2007年工业企业与中国海关的匹配数据,从目的国市场角度系统考察出口对企业内部技术与非技术工人工资"剪刀差"的影响。研究证实,随着对高收入目的国市场出口占比的提高,企业对技术工人的相对需求会增加,最终扩大企业内部技术与非技术工人工资的"剪刀差"。此外,还发现服务成本和产品质量升级是目的国市场选择影响工资差距的重要途径。

This paper introduces the characteristics of consumer heterogeneity into the framework of monopolistic compe- tition theory, and examines the impact of export destination on the wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers. On this basis, we systematically investigate the impact of export on wages scissors between skilled and unskilled workers from the per- spective of export destination, with the matched data of industrial enterprises and Chinese Customs during 2000--2007. The results show that the improvement in proportion of export to high-income destination will increase the relative demand for skilled workers and eventually expand internal wages scissors. Furthermore, the service cost and quality upgrading is the im- portant way through which export destination choice has impact on wages scissors.