论我国刑事司法职权配置下侦查权的定位——以“刑事错案”问题为出发点

The Discussion on the Position of Power of Investigation under the Allocation of Criminal Judicial Authority——Taking the “Criminal Misjudged Cases” as the Starting Point

我国刑事错案中侦查权行使问题突出,主要表现为侦查权在刑事诉讼模式转化下的滞后性、侦查权与公安机关治安管理权的混淆定位以及侦查权与犯罪嫌疑人权利"对立化"等问题。相比于国外侦查权设置,我国具有侦查主体唯一性、侦查中立要求性以及公安机关与人民检察院分别独立行使侦查权等特征,结合我国《宪法》与《刑事诉讼法》的规定,应当将我国刑事司法职权之间的关系进行"菱形"定位,对"下三角"中的侦查权以多元化主体进行监督。

The problem of operation of power of investigation appears most obvious in the criminal misjudged cases, whose essence embodies the problems of the hysteresis under the mode of combating crime, confused location between the power of investigation and administrative authority of the public security organ, and the autagonism＇between the power of investigation and the criminal suspect＇s rights. Compared with the allocation of power of investigation overseas, China has the characteristics of the uniqueness of investigation subject, the neutrality of investigation demand and the public security organ and the people＇s procuratorate independently use the power of investigation. And China need to locate the criminal judicial authority as the diamond＇under the regulations of 〈 The Constitution 〉 and 〈 The Law of Criminal Procedure 〉 , and offer the diversified supervision to the power of investigation.