山西沁源县铝矿废弃地植被恢复研究

RESTORING VEGETATION IN ABANDONED BAUXITE MINES IN SHANXI'S QINYUAN COUNTY

采用典型取样法,对山西沁源县铝矿废弃地的植被资源现状进行调查,选取32个样方,记录42个物种。采用TWINSPAN等级分类方法,将样品划分为6个群丛,并描述各群丛的特征。调查结果表明,矿区废弃地的植被种类较少,并且废弃地还会对当地社会和环境产生许多不利影响。选用投资成本较小的生物修复方法——乔灌草复合混交的植物种植模式,对矿区废弃地进行改造,改善矿区废弃地的生态环境,人工种植一些物种,如油松、侧柏、火炬树、荆条、沙棘、高羊茅等,变废为宝,充分发挥废弃地的生态功能,为当地经济、社会和环境的协调发展提供参考。

This paper uses the representative sampling to survey the vegetation situation of Qinyuan＇s abandoned bauxite mines based on 32 samples and 42 species. Samples are divided into 6 clusters by using TWINSPAN,whose features are described. Vegetation species are less in abandoned mine lands that impact local society and environment. This paper uses the biological restoration at a lower cost,a mixture of planting trees,shrubs and grasses to restore the abandoned mine lands,thus improving the local ecology. Human-planted Pinus tabulaeformis,Rhus Typhina,Vitex negundo,Hippophae rhamnoides,Festuca arundinace can not only improve the local ecology,but also be of economic values.