新生儿听力筛查的研究历史与现状

History and current status of newborn hearing screening

听力损失会影响儿童言语语言发育、心理发育、教育、就业和婚育，而且会影响家庭沟通、给家庭带来经济压力，给社会带来沉重负担。许多国家联系已有的保障、社会和教育系统，使用各种筛查方法和方案已成功地开展了早期听力检测和干预项目，认识到了新生儿听力筛查的重要性，并积极加强与国际的交流与合作，进行新生儿听力筛查项目的培训和实施。早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗，旨在提高生活水平，提高人口素质，使新生儿听力筛查项目在曲折中不断向前发展。本文从新生儿概况、新生儿听力筛查的发展阶段、筛查技术以及面临的挑战回顾了新生儿听力筛查的发展现状，并提出展望。

Hearing loss, not only influence children＇s speech, language development, the psychological development, education, employment and marriage, but also effect family communication. It will bring family economic pressure, but also will bring heavy burden to the society and hinder social development. Many countries have been linked up Security, social and educational system, using a variety of screening methods and programs to carried out early hearing detection and intervention project successfully. They has recognized the importance of newborn hearing screening, actively strengthen international cooperation and implemented positive newborn hearing screening programs. Early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment to raise living standards, and to improve the quality of the population, in turn to constantly move forward to the project of newborn hearing screening. This article reviews the development of neonatal hearing screening from the perspective of the newborn, the development phase of the newborn hearing screening, the screening techniques and the faced challenges.