国际航行船舶卫生学问题的典型案例分析

Typical cases of international voyage ship hygiene problems

目前,国际航行船舶存在突发传染病疫情事件应对知识缺乏、病媒生物数量超标、食品药品管理混乱、持有涉嫌伪造船舶卫生证书等多种卫生学问题,直接威胁口岸公共卫生安全。本文通过分析岚山口岸国际航行船舶中涉及卫生学问题的4起典型案例,发现以上卫生学问题主要是由于船舶运营公司对于卫生问题的重视不够、缺乏责任意识、管理松散、监督不到位等原因造成。建议通过公司间的合纵连横提高航运市场整体的风险防控意识及管理水平,通过强化检疫监管手段,改善入境船舶卫生学状况,降低给口岸公共卫生带来的风险。

At present,there were variety of hygienic problems in international voyage ships,such as lack of knowledge to deal with infectious diseases outbreak,medical vector above the threshold,disorder of food and drug management,and suspected forged ship sanitation certificate,which threaten the public health security of frontier directly. In this paper,four typical hygienic problems found in Lanshan port had been analyzed,and the reasons of the problems were lack of regulation,management,responsibility and supervision. It is suggested to promote the awareness and management of the prevention and control of potential risks through the inter-company cooperation,and to improve the hygiene condition of the entry ships by enhancing quarantine supervision.