制鞋业生产工人肌肉骨骼疾患的流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey on musculoskeletal disorders in shoemakers

目的通过调查制鞋业生产人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发病情况,探讨可能的相关影响因素。方法选择285名制鞋业生产人员进行肌肉骨骼疾患与相关因素的流行病学调查,应用多因素Logistic回归分析方法探讨其主要影响因素。结果制鞋业生产人员WMSDs患病率为49.8%,患病率居前三位的部位为颈部、肩部和下背(腰部),且该患病率有随工龄增加而上升的趋势(P<0.05)。Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,颈部和下背(腰部)WMSDs的影响因素涉及工效学负荷、心理状态和劳动组织等方面。结论制鞋业生产人员WMSDs发生可能与工效学负荷、心理状态、工作组织等有关。

Objective To study the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（ WMSDs） in shoemakers,thereby to explore their risk factors. Methods 285 shoemaking workers in a big shoe factory were selected as objects,the prevalence and risk factors of WMSDs were studied by epidemiological survey using multiple factor Logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence rate of WMSDs among shoemakers was 49. 8%,the leading three location were neck,shoulder and lower back,and showed a increasing trend with the length of service（ P〈 0. 05）. The Logistic regression analysis found that the ergonomic load,psyehosocial status and work organization were the main influencing factors of WMSDs in neck or lower back. Conclusion There is a correlation between WMSDs and ergonomic load,psyehosocial status and work organization.