锤片式饲料粉碎机分离装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Separation Device of Hammer Feed Mill

为了研究锤片式饲料粉碎机分离装置应具有的合理形状,通过计算物料沿外管壁运动时摩擦力所做的功,得到摩擦力做功最小时外管壁的曲线形状,并根据该形状制作了分离装置。利用ANSYS Workbench软件中的Fluent模块对改进前后分离装置内物料的运动规律进行气-固两相流模拟,比较2种分离装置内的玉米颗粒浓度及玉米颗粒速度分布情况。对2种分离装置的物料输送效果进行了实际粉碎试验,利用高速摄像技术对比2种分离装置内的玉米颗粒分布情况;在不同转速和喂料量的情况下比较2种分离装置对物料的运输分离效果。软件模拟和试验结果均表明：当转速在1 500~3 500 r/min间变化时,新分离装置比原分离装置出料量高0.18~0.3 kg/s。当转速一定时,喂料量越接近理论设计料量,新分离装置的出料量越高于原分离装置。当转速为2 500 r/min,喂料量为5kg时,二者出料量相差约0.01 kg/s。

This article is about researching the reasonable shape of the hammer feed mill＇s separation device. We got the shape under the situation that the friction did the minimum work by calculating the friction＇s work when the corn granules moving inside the separation device＇s tube. The new separation device was made out on the basis of analysis and calculation. On the one hand, we used Fluent simulation to analyze the movement of the materials in the new separation device and the original separation device; on the other hand, we contrasted the actual transport results of the two kinds of separation devices. We got the distribution of the corn granules within the separation devices by adopting the high-speed image technology, and then we obtained the data records of the two kinds of separation devices at different turning velocities and feed quantities. Both the simulation results and the experimental results shows that the new separation device raises the transport efficiency, especially at high speed and big feed quantity. When the speed becomes higher, the transport efficiency of the original separation device gets closer to the new separation device, but the efficiency of the new separation device is still higher, the efficiency gap of the two kinds of separation devices becomes bigger again at the speed of 3 500 r/min; when the feed quantity becomes bigger and gets closer to the nominal rating, the efficiency gap of the two kinds of separation devices becomes bigger too, because the new separation device not only uses a new reasonable shape, but also becomes smaller than the original one. So the new separation device is effective for energy saving and consumption reducing especially at high speed and big feed quantity. This research will play an important role in energy saving and consumption reducing of feed production. It also provides a theoretical reference for the design of the separation device.