近10年国外护理模式研究的文献计量学分析

Bibliometric research on foreign nursing models in recent ten years

[目的]了解国外护理模式研究的现状,探讨近10年国外护理模式研究的热点和发展趋势。[方法]选用PubMed数据库中MeSH主题词为"Models""Nursing"的文献作为研究对象,分为2005年—2009年和2010年—2014年2个时间段,采用书目信息数据挖掘系统(BICOMS)软件进行常规文献计量学分析,分析文献发文量、期刊分布、作者、期刊国家;建立高频主题词词篇、共现矩阵,采用gCLUTO软件进行双向聚类分析、可视化分析。[结果]最终纳入分析的护理模式主题文献1 472篇,2005篇—2009年771篇,2010篇—2014年701篇。文献计量显示,国外护理模式研究文献主要集中在美国、英国,文献量日趋减少;双向聚类分析显示,国外2005年—2009年研究主题分为4类,为护理教育及护理理论研究、临床护理及心理护理、护理管理、护理教育模式;2010年—2014年研究主题分为5类,为护理理论及临床护理实践方法、护理管理模式及护士知识技能评价、社区护理管理模式、护理人力资源管理、护理教育模式及方法。[结论]国外护理模式的研究相对成熟、平稳且研究视角较为开阔,但近几年有下降的趋势;研究方向注重理论和实践并重,研究内容趋于结构化,形成护理教育、管理、临床实践及理论研究四大模块,社区护理模式的研究可能成为未来国际护理模式研究的重点领域。

Objective：To know about the status quo of foreign nursing model research ,and to probe into the hot topics and trends of foreign nursing model research in the recent decade .Methods：The literatures from PubMed database with MeSH terms for “Models”“Nursing” were selected as research objects .They were divided into two periods ：2005 to 2009 and 2010 to 2014 .All of the data were analyzed by Bibliogragphic Item Co Occur-rence Mining System （BICOMS） ,these articles analyzed on literature number ,periodicals distribution ,author , periodical countries/regions .The high frequency MeSH term papers ,co occurrence matrix were established . The terms biclustering analysis and visualization analysis were carried out by gCLUTO saftware .Results ：A to-tal of 1 472 articles were included in the an alysis from international database ,of which 771 articles from 2005 to 2009 and 701 articles from 2010 to 2014 ,respectively .Bibliometric analysis showed that foreign nursing model literature number was decreasing ,which was mainly concentrated in the United States ,England and Australia . The biclustering analysis showed that the foreign research topics for nursing model were clustered into four classifications during 2005 to 2009 ,including nursing education/nursing theory ,clinical care/psychological nurs-ing ,nursing organization/administration ,nursing education model .The international research topics for nursing models were clustered into five classifications during 2010 to 2014 ,including nursing theory/clinical nursing practice methods ,nursing administration models/nurse’s knowledge and skills evaluation ,community nursing management models ,nursing human resources administration ,nursing education models/methods during 2010 to 2014 .Conclusion：The foreign nursing model research was in the maturing and stable period ,which had a de-clining trend in recent years .The international research interests focus on both theory and practice ,with more open perspective ,and its content tended to be structured and detail ,and the four models were formed including nursing education ,administration ,clinical practice and theoretical research .Study on community nursing model was possible future key field of international nursing models research .