不同急性低氧环境摄氧量峰值下降与峰值负荷时肺通气量、血氧饱和度、心率的关系

Relationships between the Changes in Ventilation,Oxyhemoglobin Saturation,Heart Rate at the Maximal Workload and the Decrease in Peak Oxygen Uptake in Different Acute Hypoxia Environments

目的:探究不同急性海拔高度环境中,摄氧量峰值(VO2peak)的下降与峰值负荷时的肺通气量(VEpeak)、血氧饱和度(Sp O2)、心率(HRpeak)的关系。方法:选取12名普通健康男性大学生。分别在平原,模拟海拔高度2500 m、4500 m的环境中进行功率车递增负荷测试(负荷方案:50 W起,每3分钟增加20W、转速60 r/min),每两次测试间隔为14天。每次实验中,测量记录递增负荷运动后即刻的VO2peak、VEpeak、HRpeak、Sp O2指标。结果:(1)4500 m时的VO2peak显著低于2500 m(P<0.05)和平原值(P<0.01),2500m时的VO2peak显著低于平原值(P<0.05);(2)4500 m时的VEpeak显著高于平原(P<0.05)和2500 m(P<0.05)时的值;(3)2500 m的HRpeak显著低于平原值(P<0.01),4500 m时的HRpeak显著低于平原值(P<0.01)和2500 m值(P<0.01),HRpeak随着海拔高度的升高而显著降低。(4)峰值负荷时的Sp O2在2500 m极显著低于平原值(P<0.01),4500 m值极显著低于2500 m(P<0.01)值和平原(P<0.01)值。峰值负荷时的Sp O2随着海拔高度的升高而显著降低。结论:(1)在不同急性低氧环境中,VEpeak可能是影响VO2peak下降的重要因素,尤其是在4500 m时影响更为明显。(2)在不同急性低氧环境中,HRpeak可能是影响VO2peak下降的重要因素,且随着海拔高度的升高,HRpeak显著降低。(3)在不同急性低氧环境中,峰值负荷时的Sp O2可能是影响VO2peak下降的重要因素,且随海拔高度的升高而显著降低。

Objective To investigate the relationships between the changes in Ventilation（VEpeak）,heart rate（HRpeak）,oxyhemoglobin saturation（Sp O2peak）at the maximal workload and the decrease of peakoxygen uptake in different acute hypoxia environments. Methods Twelve healthy male college studentsunderwent the bicycle incremental load test at sea level and simulated altitudes of 2500 m and 4500 m. The test was conducted at an interval of 14 days with the initiative load of 50 W,increasing 20 Wevery 3 minutes and rotating speed at 60 r/min. During each incremental load exercises,VEpeak,HRpeak,Sp O2 peakand VO2peakat the maximal workload were measured and documented. Results（1）The VO2 peakhadsignificantly decreased at 4500 m compared with at the sea level（P〈0.01）and 2500m（P〈0.05）. TheVO2 peakat 2500 m was significantly lower than at the sea level（P〈0.05）.（2）The VEpeakat 4500 m wassignificantly higher than that at the other altitudes（P〈0.05）.（3）There was a significant decrease in HRpeakat 4500 m compared with at the sea level（P〈0.01）and 2500 m（P〈0.01）,whereas the HRpeakat2500 m was significantly lower than at the sea level（P〈0.01）. The HRpeakdecreased significantly withthe increase of altitude（.4）The Sp O2 peakwas significantly lower at 4500 m compared with at the other al-titudes（P〈0.01）,and that at 2500 m was significantly lower than at the sea level（P〈0.01）. TheSp O2 peakdecreased significantly with the increase of altitude. Conclusion（1）In different acute hypoxia en-vironments,VEpeakis closely related to the VO2 peakdecline,especially at 4500 m（.2）In different acute hy-poxia environments,HRpeakmay be an important factor that could affect the VO2 peakdecline. With the in-crease of altitude,HRpeakdecreases significantly.（3）In different acute hypoxia environments,Sp O2 peakmaybe an important factor affecting VO2 peakdecline,and it decreases significantly as the altitude increases.