精神型领导是员工主动性行为的驱动因素吗?——一个多重中介效应模型的检验

Is Spiritual Leadership One of the Drivers of Proactive Behavior?Testing of a Multiple Mediating Effects Model

以383名企业员工为被试,采用问卷调查法考察了精神型领导与员工主动性行为的关系以及心理资本与组织自尊在精神型领导影响员工主动性行为过程中的作用机制。相关分析结果表明:精神型领导、心理资本、组织自尊与主动性行为显著正相关;结构方程模型分析结果显示,精神型领导对员工主动性行为的驱动可通过以下三条路径:"精神型领导→心理资本→主动性行为"、"精神型领导→组织自尊→主动性行为"、"精神型领导→心理资本→组织自尊→主动性行为"。

As a new orientation of leadership development,spiritual leadership has a very critical influence on employees＇ proactive behaviors and work performances. However,few studies have explored this influence as well as its mechanism. Therefore,based on systematic analysis of relevant theoretical and empirical literature,this research tries to build a model describing how employees＇ proactive behaviors are driven by spiritual leadership. The results show that spiritual leadership is positively associated with psychological capital,organization-based self-esteem and proactive behavior; and psychological capital is positively associated with organization-based self-esteem and proactive behavior; besides,organization-based self-esteem is positively associated with proactive behavior. Further,the structural equation analysis suggests that spiritual leadership affects employees＇ proactive behaviors through the following three ways： First,psychological capital mediates the relationship between spiritual leadership and proactive behavior; Second,organization-based self-esteem mediates the relationship between spiritual leadership and proactive behavior; Third,psychological capital and organization-based self-esteem also mediate the relationship between spiritual leadership and proactive behavior. The findings help to clarify the inherent mechanism of spiritual leadership affecting employees＇ proactive behaviors and guide leaders and managers to take appropriate measures to stimulate employees＇ proactive behavior in their workplace.