2015年青浦区民工子弟学校儿童伤害状况及影响因素

Incidence and Influencing Factors of Child Injury in Schools for Migrant Worker's Children in Qingpu District of Shanghai in 2015

[目的]调查上海市青浦区民工子弟学校儿童伤害情况,分析儿童伤害影响因素。[方法]采用随机整群抽样,随机抽取上海市青浦区4所民工子弟学校,选取三、四、五年级全部学生作为调查对象,采用调查问卷收集信息。调查时间为2015年1月—2016年1月,共发放问卷1 271份,回收有效问卷1 254份,有效回收率为98.66%。[结果]经伤害调查发现,青浦区民工子弟学校儿童伤害发生率为39.00%。Spearman等级相关分析结果显示,监护人文化程度(rs=-0.089)、儿童与同学相处程度(rs=-0.067)、儿童学习成绩(rs=-0.082)、监护人伤害KAP评分(rs=-0.072)、性别(rs=-0.062)与伤害发生呈负相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);家庭儿童数(rs=0.074)、儿童性格(rs=0.076)与伤害发生呈正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,监护人文化程度高(OR=0.863)、儿童不容易与同学相处(OR=0.731)、儿童学习成绩好(OR=0.737)、性别为女生(OR=0.767)是儿童伤害的保护性因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);家庭儿童多(OR=1.234)、儿童性格外向(OR=1.257)是儿童伤害的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]青浦区民工子弟学校儿童伤害发生率较高,应根据儿童伤害相关因素进行积极的干预,减少学校儿童伤害的发生,减轻农民工的经济负担和生活压力。

[ Objective ] To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of child injury in schools for migrant worker＇s children （MWC） in Qingpu District of Shanghai. [ Methods ] All students of grade 3, 4 and 5 from four schools for MWC were selected through cluster random sampling in Qingpu District in Shanghai. Questionnaire was used to gather information from January 2015 to January 2016. There were 1271 questionnaires distributed and 1 254 valid questionnaires returned （98.66%）. [ Results ] The incidence rate of injuries among students was 39.00% in the selected schools. The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the educational level of guardians （rs=-0.089）, children＇s intercourse ability with classmates （rs=-0.067）, academic performance of children （rs=-0.082）, and KAP scores of guardians （r~=-0.072）, and gender （rs=-0.062） were negatively correlated with child injury incidence, and the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The number of children in a family （rs=0.074） and the character of children （rs=0.076） were positively correlated with child injury incidence, and the difference were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the protective factors for child injury were guardians with a higher educational level （OR=0.863）, children＇s difficulty in getting along with classmates （OR=0.731 ）, children＇s better academic performance （OR=0.737）, and girl （OR=0.767）, and the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）; besides, the risk factors were multiple children in a family （OR=1.234） and extroverted children （OR=1.257）, and the differences were statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] A high incidence rate of child injury is identified in the students of schools for MWC in Qingpu District of Shanghai. Positive interventions should be carried out to reduce the incidence of child injury and relieve economic burden and life stress of migrant workers.