健身气功·五禽戏改善轻度抑郁大学生前额叶和海马氢质子磁共振波谱

Health Qigong Wuqinxi improves hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectra in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in college students with mild depression

目的探讨健身气功·五禽戏干预轻度抑郁症的效果及其对前额叶和海马氢质子磁共振波谱的影响。方法大学生志愿者58人,其中轻度抑郁症患者30人为抑郁组,健康者28人为对照组,上述两组内随机均分为干预组和非干预组,干预组进行健身气功·五禽戏训练12周,非干预组不训练;各组干预前后,用BECK抑郁自评问卷(BDI)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行得分评价,氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)检测前额叶、海马代谢指标NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr等,将抑郁量表得分与1H-MRS检测数据进行皮尔逊相关分析。结果干预前,抑郁组BDI、HAMD得分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,抑郁组中干预组BDI、HAMD得分均显著低于干预前(P<0.01)。1H-MRS检测显示,干预前,与对照组相比,抑郁组左侧前额叶、双侧海马NAA/Cr值和左侧前额叶、左侧海马Cho/Cr值等均显著增高(P<0.05),双侧前额叶NAA/Cho值和右侧海马Cho/NAA值等均显著降低(P<0.05)。干预后,抑郁组中干预组双侧海马NAA/Cr值和右侧海马NAA/Cho值均显著低于干预前(P<0.05),右侧前额叶NAA/Cho值、右侧海马Cho/NAA值均显著高于干预前(P<0.05)。经皮尔逊相关分析,干预前,BDI、HAMD得分与额叶Cho/Cr值和海马NAA/Cr值呈正相关(P<0.01),与额叶NAA/Cho值、海马Cho/NAA值呈负相关(P<0.05);干预后,BDI、HAMD得分与海马NAA/Cr值和左侧海马Cho/Cr值呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论健身气功·五禽戏锻炼降低轻度抑郁症患者抑郁量表得分,对前额叶和海马代谢指标NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr等有一定改善作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of health Qigong Wuqinxi exercise on mild depression in college students and analyze the changes in hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectra（1H-MRS） in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after the exercise. Methods Fifty-eight volunteer college students, including 30 with mild depression and 28 healthy students, were randomized into the intervention group and non-intervention group. The students in the intervention group were asked to practice health Qigong Wuqinxi training for 12 weeks and those in the non-intervention group did not engage in such training.For each subject, BECK Depression Self-reported questionnaire（BDI）, Hamilton Depression rating scale（HAMD） score, and the metabolic parameters of 1H-MRS in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, the scores of BDI and HAMD in the depression group were significantly higher than that in the control group（P〈0.01）, and were lowered obviously after the 12-week intervention（P〈0.01）. Compared with the control group, 1H-MRS in the depression group before intervention showed significantly increased NAA/Cr value in the left prefrontal cortex, Cho/Cr value in the bilateral hippocampus and the left frontal lobe, and Cho/Cr value of the left hippocampus and right frontal lobe（P〈0.05） with significantly lowered NAA/Cho value in the bilateral prefrontal and Cho/NAA value in the right hippocampus（P〈0.05）. After 12 weeks of intervention, NAA/Cr value in the bilateral hippocampus and the NAA/Cho value in the right hippocampus were significantly lowered（P〈0.05）, and NAA/Cho value in the right prefrontal and Cho/NAA value in the right hippocampus were significantly increased（P〈0.05） in the depression group. Before the intervention, Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of HAMD and BDI were positively correlated with Cho/Cr value in the hippocampus and NAA/Cr value in prefrontal lobe（P〈0.01） and inversely with NAA/Cho in prefrontal lobe and Cho/NAA value in the hippocampus（P〈0.05）;after the intervention, the scores of HAMD and BDI were positively correlated with NAA/Cr value in the hippocampus and Cho/Cr value in the left hippocampus（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Exercise of health Qigong Wuqinxi can reduce depression scale scores in patients with mild depression and improve the metabolic indexes（NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr values） in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus.