棉花光温敏核不育系396A育性特征及杂种优势分析

Fertility Characteristics and Heterosis of Cotton Photo-thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile(P/TGMS) Lines 396A

棉花光温敏核雄性不育系396A是从海陆杂种后代中发现的具有芽黄标记性状的新型核雄性不育系。为探明该不育系在不同温度和光照条件下的育性表现及其杂种优势表现,分别在新疆博乐和三亚海棠湾进行试验,研究了该不育系的育性变化及其杂交种的产量性状、抗病性、纤维品质。结果表明:棉花光温敏核雄性不育系在三亚种植可正常恢复育性,且花粉量大,自交成铃率高,能够自然繁殖;在博乐表现为雄性不育,没有花粉,自交成铃率为0,不育度100%,且配合力好,恢复源广阔,恢复能力强,可作为母本进行杂交制种;其杂交种F_1代育性恢复好,花粉量大,全部能够自然成铃且杂种优势明显,其中,部分杂交种产量高、抗病性好、纤维品质优良,表现出较强的杂种优势。

Cotton photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line（P /TGMS） 396 A was a new type of nuclear male sterile lines with yellow buds as marked characteristics,which was found from hybrid progeny of G.hirsutum and G.barbadense.The experiment was carried out in Bole and Sanya for fertile alteration characteristics of P /TGMS cotton and the mail economic characteristic of hybrid,such as yield,disease resistance and fiber quality.The results showed that the cotton P /TGMS 396 A could resume normal fertility in Sanya,produced abundant pollen to increase self-fertilization ratio for reproduce naturally.However it was completely sterile in Bole,where the selfing cotton boll rate was 0,the sterile degree was 100%,which could be used as female parent in hybrid seed production of Bole with good combining ability,wide sterile line restoring sources and obvious heterosis.The fertility in the F_1 generation of hybrids could be restored,and produced abundant pollen,boll naturally and showed obvious heterosis.Some hybrid combination performed high yield,better disease resistance,good fiber quality.