基于成本效率的绿色建筑碳排放权的确定和分配

Identify and assign the value of green building carbon emissions based on cost-effectiveness

从成本效率的角度出发探讨了绿色建筑碳排放权的确定和分配问题.首先是建筑碳排放数量的确定,文章通过经济学中的"一般均衡理论",构建绿色建筑边际成本曲线与建筑碳排放边际成本曲线,发现:当绿色建筑所消耗的边际成本与建筑碳排放所造成的边际成本相等时,社会总成本最低,而与之对应的绿色建筑数量即为绿色建筑市场配置数量.这一点可以解释绿色建筑地理位置分布不均匀的现象.其次是建筑碳排数量的分配问题,文章分别探讨了建筑"碳排放权平均分配"、"碳排放税""碳排放权许可证交易"这三种分配方式的成本效率.通过对比指出:建筑碳排放权的平均分配是没有效率的;而碳排放税制度所产生的配置会自动的达到成本最优化的控制水平,但正确的税率水平的估算是比较困难的;碳排放许可证交易制度可以使得当局在信息不完全的条件下,实现建筑碳排放成本的有效配置.

This paper has inquired into the definition and assignment problem of green building carbon emission from cost-efficient angle. To confirm the quantity of carbon emission of the building, the article makes up green building marginal cost curve and the building＇s carbon emission marginal cost curve according to ＂general equilibrium theory＂ in Economics. The result indicates that： when the marginal cost that green buildings consume equates with the building＇s marginal cost that carbon emission caused, its social cost is minimum. And the green building quantity at this moment is green building market number configured. This point can explain the uneven phenomenon of green building location distribution. The article also discusses the three different buildings allocation of carbon emission rights. By comparing these three different distribution schemes, it is found that the average distribution building carbon emission rights are not efficient; and the carbon tax system should be configured to automatically generate the level of cost optimization. However, to estimate the rate of carbon emissions is difficult; and carbon emissions permit trading system is a highly efficient solution, although it does not have access to sufficient control information.