种植密度对杂交棉冠层结构及产量的影响

Effect of Planting Density on Canopy Structure and Yield of Hybrid Cotton

通过田间试验研究了杂交棉兆丰1号和新陆中31号不同种植密度条件下的冠层结构特征,结果表明：种植密度兆丰1号为19.65~24.75万株/hm2、新陆中31号为13.20~19.65万株/hm2时,其群体平均叶簇倾角度（MFIA）较小,群体散射辐射透过系数（TCDP）和直射辐射透过系数（TCRP）较低,群体消光系数（K）减少,叶面积指数（LAI）分布合理,对光的截获率高,产量最高,达6 873.5~7 323.3 kg/hm2。南疆杂交棉初铃期较理想的冠层结构指标为：MTIA为67.1~69.5°,平均LD为0.855~0.871,平均K为0.922 4~0.942 1,LIA为3.59~4.43,TCDP为0.125 6~0.137 0,TCRP为0.146 3~0.154 3。不同株型品种的冠层结构特征和对密度反应不同,生产中应根据品种特性安排适宜密度。

The canopy structure characteristics of Zhaofeng 1 and Xinluzhong 31 in different planting density condition were gained by CI- 110 canopy meter and the differences between characteristic values were analyzed. The results showed that under the suitable density（ 196 500 ~ 247 500 plant / ha for Zhaofeng 1 and 132 000 ~ 196 500 plant / ha for Xinluzhong 31）,the MFLA（ Mean Foliage Inclination Angle） of hybrid cotton was small,TCDP（ Transmission Coefficient for Diffuse Penetration） and TCRP（ Transmission Coefficient for Radiation Penetration） were reduced,K（ Extinction Coefficient） was decreased,light interception rate was high,and with the highest yield of 6 873. 5 ~ 7 323. 3 kg / ha. The ideal canopy structure indexes of hybrid cotton in south Xinjiang were as： MTIA was 67. 1~ 69. 5°,mean LD was 0. 855 ~ 0. 871,mean K was 0. 922 4 ~ 0. 942 1,LIA was 3. 59 ~ 4. 43,TCDP was 0. 125 6 ~ 0. 137 0,and TCRP was 0. 146 3 ~ 0. 154 3. Different varieties of plant- type had different canopy structure features,so the appropriate density should be arrangemented according to the variety characteristics.