医护人员对灾难救援培训需求的文献分析

Literature Analysis of Training Needs for Disaster Response among Healthcare Workers

目的系统回顾国内外医护人员对灾难救援培训需求的研究。方法 2015年11-12月,计算机检索重庆维普科技期刊数据库(1978-2015)、万方全文期刊/学位论文数据库(1990-2015)、同方知网全文期刊/学位论文数据库(1915-2015)、PubMed(1874-2015)数据库、护理学及医疗相关文献累计索引(cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature,CINAHL)英文数据库,根据纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取资料及质量评价,并对文献进行定性分析。结果共纳入26篇文献共计25项研究,其中7项研究为高质量、17项为中等质量、1项为低质量;2011-2015年发表16项研究(占64%),研究对象主要为在职医护人员;医学生倾向于采用非课程培训的方式,在职医护工作者更愿意参加理论与实践相结合、专业师资指导的小组培训,并且希望为短期培训,在工作日的白天开展;90%的护士希望通过邮寄信件的方式接到培训通知。结论对医护人员进行灾难救援的培训,培训项目的主题应限定为具体的灾难种类,开设培训项目时需尽量考虑医护人员对培训方式、时间等的需求,培训内容则应结合专家意见进行设计。

Objective To systematically review the researches relevant to training needs for disaster response among healthcare workers in China and abroad. Methods Five databases were searched,lncluding CQVIP （1978-2015）, WanFang （1990-2015）, CNKI （1915-2015）, PubMed （1874-2015） ,and cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature （CINAHL）.Literature indexes were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria.The quality of selected studies was evaluated.Results Totally 26 literatures including 25 studies were finally selected,7 were of high quality, I7 were of moderate quality, and 1 was of low quality.The 16 （64%）studies were published in 2011 to 2015.Most studies surveyed healthcare workers.Medical students preferred non-curriculum training; healthcare workers preferred instructor-led small -group workshops with combination of theory teaching and skill training,which were carried out in weekdays of short period.There were 90 % nurses expected to be informed of training program by letters.Conclusions Further studies should define research content into a specific disaster.Healthcare providers＇ needs for training methods and time must be taken into consideration when developing training programs, while training contents may depend dependent more on experts＇ opinions.