中毒家兔体内呋喃丹水平检测及其体内分布规律研究

Study on the detection method and distribution of carbofuran in poisoned rabbits

目的建立亲水性固相材料提取呋喃丹的方法,研究呋喃丹在中毒家兔死后体内的分布规律。方法选取雄性家兔12只,随机分为2LD_(50)和4LD_(50)组,经灌胃匀速注入2倍半数致死量(2LD_(50))(220mg/kg)和4倍半数致死量(4LD50)(440mg/kg)呋喃丹。观察给药到死亡时的生命体征的变化以及中毒症状,待呼吸和心跳全部消失时,迅速解剖动物,取心血、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑冷冻保存。采用亲水性固相材料萃取柱进行提取,二氯甲烷洗脱提取,气相色谱定量检测其中呋喃丹的水平。结果亲水性固相材料萃取柱提取回收率高,呋喃丹平均回收率99.3%,检出限为5ng/mL。各脏器组织呋喃丹水平由高到低分别为:(1)2LD_(50)组:肺(10.98±2.30)μg/mL、肝(7.92±2.39)μg/mL,心血(2.13±1.36)μg/mL,脑(2.01±1.57)μg/mL,心(1.23±0.38)μg/mL,肾(1.31±0.42)μg/mL,脾(0.59±0.21)μg/mL。(2)4LD_(50)组:肺(6.86±3.02)μg/mL,肝(6.12±2.38)μg/mL,肾(2.52±1.54)μg/mL,脑(1.91±0.72)μg/mL,心(1.48±1.75)μg/mL,心血(1.17±1.57)μg/mL,脾(1.15±0.66)μg/mL。结论亲水性固相材料提取呋喃丹的方法成本低、方便快捷、提取率高、杂质少,可应用于呋喃丹中毒案件法医学鉴定的实验研究。呋喃丹在死后家兔体内分布不均匀,在含血丰富的组织器官中水平高。

Objective To establish the method of the hydrophilic solid phase extraction material for extracting carbofuran.And to study the distribution of carbofuran in postmortem rabbits.Methods Twelve male rabbits were randomly allocated to 2LD50 and 4LD50 groups,which were given an intragastric administration of carbofuran with a dose of 220mg/kg and 440mg/kg,respectively.Vital signs and symptoms of poisoning were observed from given the medication to death.As soon as the vital signs disappeared,the rabbits were dissected and the specimens such as heart blood,heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,brain.A hydrophilic solid phase extraction column material was used to extract carbofuran,and dichloromethane was used to elute carbofuran,in addition,gas chromatographic was used to detect level of carbofuran.Results Recovery rate of hydrophilic solid phase extraction column to extract material was 99.3%,the detection limit was 5ng/mL.The order of levels of carbofuran in organs was as follows：in 2LD50 group,lung was（10.98±2.30）μg/mL,liver was（7.92±2.39）μg/mL,heart blood was（2.13±1.36）μg/mL,brain was（2.01±1.57）μg/mL,heart was（1.23±0.38）μg/mL,kidney was（1.31±0.42）μg/mL and spleen was（0.59±0.21）μg/mL.In 4LD50 group：lung was（6.86±3.02）μg/mL,liver was（6.12±2.38）μg/mL,kidney was（2.52±1.54）μg/mL,brain was（1.91±0.72）μg/mL,heart was（1.48±1.75）μg/mL,heart blood was（1.17±1.57）μg/mL and spleen was（1.15±0.66）μg/mL.Conclusion Hydrophilic solid phase for extracting carbofuran costs lower,and it is more convenient,which has higher extraction rate with lower impurity content,which can be applied in forensic medicine.